安装docker
# 适用ubuntu 16.04
$ sudo apt install docker docker.io
# 适用CentOS 7 (这部分文档来自Docker官方https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/)
$ yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 # 安装依赖
$ yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
$ yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
$ systemctl start docker
一,images管理
搜索kms相关的image
$ sudo docker search kms
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
luodaoyi/kms-server kms server 21 [OK]
lunker/kms ubuntu image repositoiry for kms 1
leon0516/py-kms this is beta version!!! 1 [OK]
captbrick/py-kms Py-KMS 1 [OK]
gkuzet/kms KMS Server written in C 1
openvidu/openvidu-server-kms OpenVidu platform service. It includes Ope... 1
比如第1个luodaoyi/kms-server,也可以用https://hub.docker.com/r/luodaoyi/kms-server/的方式查看相关信息.
下载想要的image(不必需)
$ sudo docker pull luodaoyi/kms-server
查看本地的images
$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
luodaoyi/kms-server latest 4f86d964ac52 4 months ago 4.09 MB
$ sudo docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
luodaoyi/kms-server latest 4f86d964ac52 4 months ago 4.09 MB
重命名image,重命名完成以后原来的image名字仍然存在
$ sudo docker tag luodaoyi/kms-server mykms_image
$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
luodaoyi/kms-server latest 4f86d964ac52 4 months ago 4.09 MB
mykms_image latest 4f86d964ac52 4 months ago 4.09 MB
删除某个image
$ sudo docker rmi luodaoyi/kms-server #删除本地某个image.注意如果该image有对应的container在运行,则需要先docker stop并docker rm对应的container再删除image.
二,container管理
相关命令
docker run image 创建并启动一个container,如果本地不存在该image则会从network下载之
docker create image 创建一个container(创建完是停止状态),如果本地不存在该image则会从network下载之
docker start/stop container_id 启动/停止container
$ sudo docker create test_image
Unable to find image 'test_image' locally
$ sudo docker create mykms_image
c2d1095f5c94d25992b913f49c85cf18c029cfc72d2fbc17d81e882939525240
$ sudo docker ps #查看running的container(default shows just running),显示为空,因为没有start
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
$ sudo docker ps -a #查看all container
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c2d1095f5c94 mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 16 seconds ago Created tender_mclean
$ sudo docker start c2d1095f5c94 #启动container
c2d1095f5c94
$ sudo docker ps #查看running的container
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c2d1095f5c94 mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 2 minutes ago Up 4 seconds 1688/tcp tender_mclean
$ sudo docker ps -q #查看running的container ID(-q表示只显示container ID)
c2d1095f5c94
#再次创建并运行一个container
#-p表示将host的1688端口转到container的1688端口
#-d表示Run container in background and print container ID
$ sudo docker run -itd -p 1688:1688 mykms_image
c2d83d2a33964868699dad4de80c4f097f4b3d01f53b4d3020f6f849df78fb1f
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3e4f50cdec9d mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:1688->1688/tcp fervent_brattain
c2d1095f5c94 mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 20 minutes ago Up 3 seconds 1688/tcp tender_mclean
$ sudo docker stop 3e4f50cdec9d #停止container(实测如果stop以后再start,那么刚才指定的端口转发依然有效)
3e4f50cdec9d
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c2d1095f5c94 mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 6 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 1688/tcp tender_mclean
$ sudo docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3e4f50cdec9d mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 5 minutes ago Exited (137) 2 seconds ago fervent_brattain
c2d1095f5c94 mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 22 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 1688/tcp tender_mclean
$ sudo docker rm 3e4f50cdec9d #删除container(需要先stop之)
3e4f50cdec9d
$ sudo docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c2d1095f5c94 mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 9 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 1688/tcp tender_mclean
三,container进入与退出
进入container主要有以下2个命令
docker attach(不建议)
docker exec
1,使用docker attach进入container
$ sudo docker run -itd ubuntu-16 /bin/bash
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
aff533b466a7 ubuntu-16 "/bin/bash -e /ini..." 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds elastic_feynman
$ sudo docker attach aff533b466a7 #进入container
root@aff533b466a7:/#
root@aff533b466a7:/# cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS"
#注意,此时如果执行exit或者按Ctrl+d退出,都会导致container被stop.
#正确的退出方法是: Ctrl+p+q(注意按键顺序,先按住Ctrl,再按住p,最后按一下q即可),这样退出以后container仍是running的状态.
2,使用docker exec进入container
$ sudo docker exec -it aff533b466a7 /bin/bash #进入container内部去操作
root@aff533b466a7:/#
root@aff533b466a7:/# cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS"
此时,不论使用exit命令或者Ctrl+d(又或者Ctrl+p+q)任何方式退出container,该container都会保持running的状态.
$ sudo docker exec -it aff533b466a7 cat /etc/lsb-release #不进入container获得返回结果
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS"
四,docker相关信息查看
$ sudo docker system info
Containers: 8
Running: 1
Paused: 0
Stopped: 7
Images: 3
Server Version: 17.03.2-ce
Storage Driver: aufs
Root Dir: /var/lib/docker/aufs
Backing Filesystem: extfs
Dirs: 26
Dirperm1 Supported: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: 4ab9917febca54791c5f071a9d1f404867857fcc
runc version: 54296cf40ad8143b62dbcaa1d90e520a2136ddfe
init version: N/A (expected: 949e6facb77383876aeff8a6944dde66b3089574)
Security Options:
apparmor
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 4.13.0-32-generic
Operating System: Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 4
Total Memory: 1.925 GiB
Name: bear-vm
ID: F4DM:C2XH:VX45:ZMNU:NW4E:F32J:BRY4:LSEG:CKMJ:AS5F:XMU7:SXNS
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false
WARNING: No swap limit support
$ sudo docker system df
TYPE TOTAL ACTIVE SIZE RECLAIMABLE
Images 3 3 491.7 MB 0 B (0%)
Containers 8 1 284.2 MB 5.481 kB (0%)
Local Volumes 0 0 0 B 0 B
$ sudo docker system df -v
Images space usage:
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE SHARED SIZE UNIQUE SIZE CONTAINERS
1and1internet/ubuntu-16 latest dc6431d887ca 4 days ago 483.5 MB 0 B 483.5 MB 2
alpine latest 3fd9065eaf02 4 weeks ago 4.148 MB 0 B 4.148 MB 4
mykms_image latest 4f86d964ac52 4 months ago 4.094 MB 0 B 4.094 MB 2
Containers space usage:
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND LOCAL VOLUMES SIZE CREATED STATUS NAMES
7bef191b8e90 alpine "/bin/sh" 0 284 MB 22 minutes ago Up 22 minutes jovial_hamilton
4b221cefcecb ubuntu-16 "/bin/bash -e /ini..." 0 2.69 kB 27 minutes ago Exited (0) 26 minutes ago festive_nobel
73dd66854efc alpine "/bin/sh" 0 0 B 52 minutes ago Exited (137) 26 minutes ago serene_northcutt
750f7f1a214f alpine "/bin/sh" 0 49 B 53 minutes ago Exited (137) 22 minutes ago angry_easley
b01629f9cef7 alpine "/bin/bash" 0 0 B 53 minutes ago Created priceless_meninsky
aff533b466a7 ubuntu-16 "/bin/bash -e /ini..." 0 2.74 kB About an hour ago Exited (0) 26 minutes ago elastic_feynman
92af0b667ce2 mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 0 0 B 2 hours ago Exited (137) 2 hours ago relaxed_perlman
c2d1095f5c94 mykms_image "/bin/sh -c 'vlmcs..." 0 0 B 2 hours ago Exited (137) About an hour ago tender_mclean
Local Volumes space usage:
VOLUME NAME LINKS SIZE
相关说明:
1,SHARED SIZE is the amount of space that an image shares with another one (i.e. their common data)
2,UNIQUE SIZE is the amount of space that is only used by a given image
3,SIZE is the virtual size of the image, it is the sum of SHARED SIZE and UNIQUE SIZE